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Judge advises Rastas over drug challenge

Lee Elliot Major

BBC

Monday 18 Dec 2000


A judge has suggested that Rastafarians take High Court action in an
attempt to be allowed to use and sell cannabis as part of their
religious beliefs and culture.

Judge Charles Gibson said it could result in a declaration that UK
drug laws and the freedoms protected in the Human Rights Act are
incompatible. His comments came during a ruling in which he rejected
an application by a self-confessed Rastafarian cannabis dealer to
change his earlier guilty pleas to charges of possessing the drug and
intending to supply it.

The man, Rasta Brown, maintained he had done nothing wrong when he
attempted to sell some cannabis to an undercover officer, as the use
and the sale of marijuana was a recognised part of Rastafarian culture
and religion.

When he was arrested in June in Brixton, south London, Mr Brown, 39,
was carrying seven bags containing 20.36 grammes of cannabis with a
further 516 milligrams in his shorts. A search of his Stockwell home
uncovered a block of 128 grammes.

At his first court appearance, Mr Brown pleaded guilty to one count of
possessing cannabis and two of possession with intent to supply. But
after the Human Rights Act came into force at the start of October, Mr
Brown applied to change his pleas, saying that article nine of the law
supported everyone's entitlement to freedom of thought, conscience and
religion.

Defence counsel Rufus D'Cruz told Inner London Crown Court that
although "weed" was not mentioned in the 16 tenets of Rastafarianism,
it was considered to be an aid to worship, a medicine and a source of
income. Cannabis was regarded as a "sacred commodity" and "sacrament
incense" with authority for its use derived from the Bible, he told
the court.

"The matter has always been central to the Rastafarian community,
culture and religion for decades, if not centuries," Mr D'Cruz told
the court.

Mr Brown made it clear during his interviews with police that he
regarded marijuana as a herb originally grown in the Garden of Eden
for the use of mankind for religious, culinary and medicinal purposes.
The judge said in making his ruling he had referred to Christopher
Williams' book Rasta: Emperor Haile Selassie and the Rastafarians.

"I am not persuaded that it goes very far towards demonstrating that
for a Rastafarian to use cannabis, let alone for commercial purposes,
is to 'manifest his religion or belief'," he told the court.

"That the use of 'herb' is a practice adopted by the majority, though
apparently not all Rastafarians, would appear to be undeniable; but it
does not follow that something which is a practice or a characteristic
is in addition a manifestation of religion or belief," he said.

The judge compared the practice of Rastafarians selling cannabis with
that of Christian churches holding summer fairs and coffee mornings
for fund raising purposes.

"If Parliament were to render these activities illegal, it could not
be seriously contended that a manifestation of religion was being
made," he said.

The judge said he saw "substantial difficulties" in using article nine
of the Human Rights Act to protect commercial dealings - especially as
Mr Brown was willing to "sell to all comers on the street". But he did
suggests Rastafarians took their case to the High Court.

"I cannot see why, if they consider they have a good case they should
not put their confidence to the test by bringing proceedings in the
High Court with a view to obtaining a declaration of incompatibility."

 

 

 

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