Hemp For Fuel
Hemp Oils: Fuels and How to Make Them
How Can Hemp be used as a Fuel?
From 'The Emperor Wears No Cloths' by Jack Herer ISBN0 9524560 0 1
Excerpted from 'Energy Farming in America', by Lynn Osborne.
Biomass conversion to fuel has been proven
economically feasible, first in laboratory tests and by continuous
operation of pilot plants in field tests since 1973. When the energy crop is
growing it takes CO2 from the air, so when it is burned the CO2 is released,
creating a balanced system.
Biomass is the term used to describe all
biologically produced matter. World production of biomass is estimated at 146
billion metric tons a year, mostly wild plant growth. . Some farm crops and
trees can produce up to 20 metric tons per acre of biomass a year. Types of
algae and grasses may produce 50 metric tons per year.
This biomass has a heating value of 5000-8000
BTU/lb, with virtually no ash or sulfur produced during combustion. About 6% of
contiguous United States land area put into cultivation for biomass could
supply all current demands for oil and gas.
The foundation upon which this is achieved is
the emerging concept of "energy farming," wherein farmers grow and
harvest crops for biomass conversion to fuels.
Pyrolysis is the process of applying high
heat to organic matter (lignocellulosic materials) in the absence of air or in
reduced air. The process can be adjusted to favor charcoal, condensable organic
liquids (pyrolitic fuel oil), non-condensable gases, acetic acid, acetone, gas
or methanol production with a 95.5% fuel-to-feed efficiency.
Pyrolysis has been used since the dawn of
civilisation. Ancient Egyptians practices wood distillation by collecting the
tars and pyroligneous acid for use in their embalming industry.
Methanol-powered automobiles and reduced
emissions from coal-fired power plants can be accomplished by biomass
conversion to fuel utilizing pyrolysis technology, and at the same time save
the American farm while turning the American heartland into a prosperous source
of clean energy production.
Pyrolysis has the advantage of using the same
technology now used to process crude fossil oil and coal. Coal and oil
conversion is more efficient in terms of fuel-to-feed ration, but biomass
conversion by pyrolysis has many environmental and economic advantages over
coal and oil.
Pyrolysis facilities will run three shifts a
day. Some 65% of the energy from the raw biomass will be contained in the
charcoal and fuel oils made at the facility. This charcoal has nearly the same
heating value in BTU as coal, with virtually no sulfur.
Pyrolitic fuel oil has similar properties to
no. 2 and no. 6 fuel oil. The charcoal can be transported economically by rail
to all urban area power plants generating electricity. The fuel oil can be
transported economically by trucking creating more jobs for Americans. When
these plants use charcoal instead of coal, the problems of acid rain will begin
to disappear.
When this energy system is on line producing
a steady supply of fuel for electrical power plants, it will be more feasible
to build the complex gasifying systems to produce methanol from cubed biomass,
or make synthetic gasoline from the methanol by the addition of the Mobile Co.
process equipment to the gasifier.
Hemp is the number one biomass producer on planet
earth: 10 tons per acre in approximately four months. It is a woody plant
containing 77% cellulose. Wood produces 60% cellulose.
This energy can be harvested with equipment
readily available. It can be 'cubed' by modifying hay cubing equipment. This method
condenses the bulk, reducing trucking costs from field to the pyrolysis
reactor. And the biomass cubes are ready for conversion with no further
treatment."
From 'The Report of The FCDA Europe'
by Kenn and Joanna d'Oudney, Fourth Edition,
ISBN 0 9524421 1 6.
"Using the reactor in this 'gasifier'
mode, by increasing heat, pressure and adding catalysts, methanol production is
maximised at approximately 100 gallons per ton of biomass. Methanol (CH3OH) has
always been the cheap and practical alternative to gasoline. After simple
modification, the Internal Combustion Engine receives less wear from methanol.
Electricity power generating stations can be run off methanol, or Cannabis
Biomass Pyrolysis fuel-oil which is similar to home-heating oil, and/or use charcoal
directly, in place of fossil fuels."
"The Cannabis Biomass Energy Equation
(CBEE) demonstrates for the first time on record that fuel-energy sourced from
the renewable, pollution-free resource of flora in the form of Cannabis Sativa,
achieves uniquely economical replacement of fuels, and has always been so.
There has not been this century, a single ecologically-pertinent fact, theory
or postulation embodying practicable potentials as beneficial to the planet and
the well-being of its people as those of the CBEE, given practical application
in the CBRPF [Cannabis Biomass Resource and Pyrolysis Functions]; this
formulation resolves Mankind's most crucial predicament in macro-Economics and
Ecology to have arisen since the incipience of The Industrial revolution."
" Cannabis renders uranium and the
dangerous fossil fuel pollutants:
A. commercially obsolete / economically
redundant, and
B. achieves replacement without pollution,
while
C. the Economy of the entire world thereby
vastly benefits from significantly reduced energy prices."
"Consideration of the evidence of
circumstances unmasks motives which explain the existence of governments'
blatantly illegal ban on cannabis. This plant has not been targeted for
Prohibition simply because some people like to smoke its resins and flowertops.
At the time of writing, in-depth information about cannabis as the economical
replacement for fossil-fuels and uranium, as food and raw material resource,
remains esoteric - it has been deliberately and widely repressed."
"The Relegalisation of Cannabis today
will allow a phased, gradual economic transition governed by market forces,
from fossil to CBRPF-based techno-industrial civilisation."
THE CANNABIS
BIOMASS ENERGY EQUATION FROM THE FCDA REPORT